Franklin 1979 Some comparisons between Chinese Pidgin English and Melanesian Pidgin English Goldmann 1899 Ein Sommer in China: Reisebilder Green 1934 Pidgin-English Hall et al. Or, recollections of twenty-one years passed in Java, Singapore, Australia, and China Dier 1860 Pigeon-English Downing 1838 The Fan-Qui in China in 1836-7 Elder 1999 China's Treaty Ports. A handbook for travellers and residents to the chief objects of interest in and around foreign settlements and native city Davidson 1846 Trade and travel in the Far East. Coffin 1869 Our new way round the world Darwent n.d Shanghai. Beechey…in the years 1825, 26, 27, 28… Bolton 2003 Chinese Englishes: A sociolinguistic history Booth 2004 Gweilo: Memories of a Hong Kong childhood. (2nd edition) Beechey 1831 Narrative of a voyage to the Pacific and Beering's Strait, to co-operate with the polar expeditions: performed in His Majesty’s ship Blossom, under the command of Captain F.W. Anonymous 1860 The Englishman in China Baker 1987 Historical developments in Chinese Pidgin English and the nature of the relationships between the various Pidgin Englishes of the Pacific region Bakker 2003 The absence of reduplication in Pidgins Ball 1855 Rambles in Eastern Asia, including China and Manilla, during several years’ residence: with notes of Ningpoo, Amoy, Fouchow, and Macao. Elliot, on the 14th December, 1839 to the 22nd of March, 1839. Sources 1867-68 Anonymous 1836 Jargon spoken at Canton how it originated and has grown into use mode in which the Chinese learn English examples of the language in common use between foreigners and Chinese Anonymous 1840 Review of the management of our affairs in China, since the opening of the trade in 1834 with an analysis of the government despatches from the assumption of office by Capt. Vowels Front Near-front Central Near-back Back Close Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open i high front unrounded vowel ɨ high central unrounded vowel u high back rounded vowel ɪ lowered high front unrounded vowel e higher mid front unrounded vowel o higher mid back rounded vowel ə mid central unrounded vowel ɛ lower mid front unrounded vowel ɔ lower mid back rounded vowel æ raised low front unrounded vowel a low central unrounded vowel Vowels Special segments Other segments wĭiphthong falling from low central unrounded vowel to high front unrounded vowelĭiphthong falling from low central unrounded vowel to to high back rounded vowelĭiphthong falling from lower mid back rounded vowel to high front unrounded vowel
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